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Activity Monitor
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Provides a GUI for all the activity that is happening on your Mac.
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Processors
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Memory
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Disk Activity
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Disk Usage
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Network Activity
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You'll find it in Applications/Utilities
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The main window. Processes
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Can control which columns are displayed under the View-->Columns menu
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Can use the 'Show' drop down to filter view to:
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All processes
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Your processes
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System processes
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Other user processes
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Active and Inactive
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Windowed processes (basically apps)
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Process ID - An incrementing number of each process running on your machine
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This can be apps, utilities, daemons, or other background processes
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Sorting the column will let you see the first or latest processes
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Process Name
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User column
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Displays the user that launched the process
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Typically your user, root, or something like daemon, _www
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CPU %
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How much of the CPu an app is actively using.
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Seeing it spike to 100% or higher shouldn't be a concern, especially if the app is actively doing a task.
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Threads
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A sequence of instructions being performed by one application or process.
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If you see an app with lots of threads running, and it doesn't have a UI on screen it could be running background stuff
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Memory
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Real - Physical memory on the machine
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Virtual = "fake memory", swap disk.
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Other columns:
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CPU Time, # Ports, Private Memory, Shared Memory, Messages Sent, and Messages Received.
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Tabs along the bottom
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CPU
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Can see what percentage of the processor is in use by User or System processes
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Also total threads and processes
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Memory
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Free Memory: RAM that's not being used.
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Wired: Can't be moved to disk. Stays in physical RAM
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Active: currently in memory, and has been recently used.
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Inactive: Memory is not actively being used, but was recently used.
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VM size has nothing to do with hard disk space or with the amount of ram being used.
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Is simply number of addresses allocated to a program. VM Size is the totally of the addresses allocated for all apps, so can exceed the size of your hard drive.
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Used: Total used
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Page Ins/Outs
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Memory moved between RAM and the hard disk.
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Generally want page outs to be low
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Swap Used
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Amount of information copied to the swap file on your hard drive.
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Again the lower the better
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If either are consistently high, get more RAM
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You can reboot to reset and then watch.
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Disk Activity
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Read and writes to the HD
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Throughput can be measured
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There is a graph
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Disk Usage
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Amount of HD in use or free.
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Can read internal and external drives
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Network
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Packets in and out and their throughput
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Total data sent and received and throughput
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May be useful in identifying background network activity
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Advanced stuff
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Inspect
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Like "Get Info" on a process
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Parent process that launched it.
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User
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Threads, PU time, Page Ins
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Memory details
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CPU info
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Show delta
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process will turn green in list
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Will monitor the changes in all the parameters between frequency updates
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Change sample frequency in View-->Update Frequency
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0.5 sec, 1 sec, 2 sec, 5 sec.
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Quit Process - Kill a process.
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Application not responding
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Sometimes sending an Interrupt can "wake" a non-responsive process
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View-->Send Signal to process
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SIGKILL - Kill immediately
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SIGINT - Interrupt
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SIGHUP - Hang up
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SIGQUIT - Quit and dump core
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Live monitoring
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View-->Dock Icon
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CPU, Network, Disk, Memory
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Windows
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CPU Usage
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CPU History
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Of course also great 3rd party tools like iStat
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